\ub2e4\ud589\ud788\ub3c4 \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 unittest\uc758 \uc720\uc6a9\ud568 \uc798 \uc54c\ub824\uc9c4 \uc2dc\ub300\uc5d0 \uc0b4\uace0 \uc788\uae30\uc5d0 \ub354 \uc774\uc0c1 unittest\ub97c \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud558\ub294 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d \uc5b8\uc5b4\ub97c \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud558\uac8c \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4. Rust\ub294 \ube44\uad50\uc801 \ucd5c\uc2e0 \uc5b8\uc5b4\uc778 \ub9cc\ud07c \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc694\uad6c\uc0ac\ud56d\ub4e4\uc744 \uc801\uadf9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc5ec \ubd80\uac00\uc801\uc778 \ud504\ub808\uc784\uc6cc\ud06c\uc758 \ub3c4\uc6c0 \uc5c6\uc774\ub3c4 \uc5b8\uc5b4 \uc790\uccb4\uc5d0\uc11c \uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc778 unittest\uac00 \uc798 \uc9c0\uc6d0\ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\ub2e4\ub9cc, Rust\ub294 \uc0c1\uc18d\uc744 \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 Python, Java, C++ \uac19\uc740 \uac1d\uccb4\uc9c0\ud5a5 \uc5b8\uc5b4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc758\uc874\uc131\uc744 \uaca9\ub9ac \ud560 \ub54c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 method overriding\uc774\ub098 object patching\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218\ub294 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \ubc29\ubc95\uc73c\ub85c mock injection\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uba74 \ub9e4\ubc88 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc758\uc874\uc131\uc744 \ubb3c\ub824 \ub193\uace0 test\ub97c \uc218\ud589\ud574\uc57c\ub9cc \ud560\uae4c?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\ub2e4\ud589\ud788\ub3c4 pytest\uc758 mocker patch \ub9cc\ud07c \uc720\uc5f0\ud558\uac8c\ub294 \uc544\ub2c8\uc9c0\ub9cc, Rust\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 trait + automock\uc758 \uc870\ud569\uc73c\ub85c \uc758\uc874\uc131\uc744 \uaca9\ub9ac\ud574\uc11c unittest\ub97c \uc791\uc131\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trait\uc740 \uac1d\uccb4\uac04\uc758 \uacc4\uc57d\uc744 \uc815\uc758\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e4\ub978 \uc5b8\uc5b4\uc758 interface\uc640 \ub2ee\uc740 \uc810\uc774 \ub9ce\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc5d0 \uc811\uadfc\ud574\uc11c \uacc4\uc88c\uc758 \uc794\uace0\ub97c \ud655\uc778\ud558\uace0 \uc5c5\ub370\uc774\ud2b8\ud558\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uac04\ub2e8\ud55c Database trait\uc744 \uc0dd\uac01\ud574 \ubcf4\uc790.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
pub trait Database {\n \/\/ \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc794\uace0\ub97c \ubc18\ud658, \uc624\ub958\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uba74 \uc5d0\ub7ec \uba54\uc138\uc9c0 \ubc18\ud658.\n fn get_user_balance(&self, user_id: u64) -> Result<u64, String>;\n\n \/\/ \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc794\uace0\ub97c amount\ub85c \uc5c5\ub370\uc774\ud2b8.\n fn update_user_balance(&mut self, user_id: u64, amount: u64) -> Result<(), String>;\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \uc2e4\uc81c \uad6c\ud604\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc774 trait\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud574\uc11c unittest\ub97c \uc704\ud55c mock inject\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud560 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc989, \uc774 trait\uc744 \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc774\ub294 “\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790”\ub97c \uc815\uc758\ud55c \ub2e4\uc74c, \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub97c \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 mock\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub41c \uac1d\uccb4\ub97c \ub118\uaca8\uc8fc\uc5b4\uc11c \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub97c \uc218\ud589\ud558\uace0, \uc2e4\uc81c\ub85c Database trait\uc744 \uc815\uc758\ud558\ub294 \ud504\ub85c\ub355\uc158 \ucf54\ub4dc\ub294 \ub098\uc911\uc5d0 \uc815\uc758\ud574\uc11c \ub118\uaca8\uc8fc\ub824\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
WalletService – Database Trait \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\uc774 trait\uc744 \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc774\ub294 “\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790”\uc778 WalletService<\/code>\uac1d\uccb4\ub294 \uc774 database trait\uc5d0 interface\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc811\uadfc\ud558\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc74c\uc758 \ucf54\ub4dc\uc5d0\uc11c \ucc98\ub7fc \ucd9c\uae08 \uae30\ub2a5 \uad6c\ud604\uc744 \uc704\ud574 database\ub97c \uc811\uadfc\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\npub struct WalletService<DB: Database> {\n db: DB,\n}\n\nimpl<DB: Database> WalletService<DB> {\n pub fn new(db: DB) -> Self {\n Self { db }\n }\n \/\/ \ucd9c\uae08\n pub fn withdraw(&mut self, user_id: u64, amount: u64) -> Result<u64, String> {\n let current_balance = self.db.get_user_balance(user_id)?;\n if current_balance < amount {\n return Err(String::from(\"\uc794\uc561\uc774 \ubd80\uc871\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\"));\n }\n let new_balance = current_balance - amount;\n self.db.update_user_balance(user_id, new_balance)?;\n Ok(new_balance)\n }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\nfn new(db: DB)<\/code><\/code>\uc5d0\uc11c \uc815\uc758\ub41c \uac83 \ucc98\ub7fc, \uc774 \uac1d\uccb4\ub294 Database trait\uc744 \uad6c\ud604\ud558\ub294 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uac1d\uccb4\ub97c \ubc1b\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\uc81c \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 Database trait\uc744 \uad6c\ud604\ud558\ub294 mock \uac1d\uccb4\ub97c \uc774 \ud568\uc218\uc5d0 \ub118\uaca8\uc8fc\uba74 \ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\nMockall Crate – Automock<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 WalletService\uc758 database \uc811\uadfc\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub3d9\uc791\uc744 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc9c1\uc811 Database trait\uc744 \uad6c\ud604\ud558\ub294 mock \uac1d\uccb4\ub97c \uad6c\ud604\ud560 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uaca0\uc9c0\ub9cc, Mockall crate\uc758 Automock\uc740 \uc774 \uacfc\uc815\uc744 \ud3b8\ub9ac\ud558\uac8c \uc218\ud589\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ub3c4\uc640 \uc900\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uba3c\uc800 Mockall crate\uc744 \uc758\uc874\uc131 \ubaa9\ub85d\uc5d0 \ucd94\uac00\ud574 \uc900\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
cargo add mockall<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\uc55e\uc11c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5c8\ub358 Database trait\uc5d0 unittest \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c\ub9cc mock \uac1d\uccb4\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d #[cfg_attr(test, automock)]<\/code><\/code> \ub9e4\ud06c\ub85c\ub97c \uc120\uc5b8\ud574\uc900\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\nuse mockall::automock;\n\n\n#[cfg_attr(test, automock)]\npub trait Database {\n \/\/ \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc794\uace0\ub97c \ubc18\ud658, \uc624\ub958\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uba74 \uc5d0\ub7ec \uba54\uc138\uc9c0 \ubc18\ud658.\n fn get_user_balance(&self, user_id: u64) -> Result<u64, String>;\n\n \/\/ \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc794\uace0\ub97c amount\ub85c \uc5c5\ub370\uc774\ud2b8.\n fn update_user_balance(&mut self, user_id: u64, amount: u64) -> Result<(), String>;\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\nMock Object\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c Unittest\uc791\uc131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\uba3c\uc800 \ucd9c\uae08\uc744 \uc2dc\ub3c4 \ud560 \ub54c, \uc608\uae08 \uc870\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c \ucda9\ubd84\ud55c \uae08\uc561\uc774 \ubc18\ud658\ub418\uc5b4 \uc131\uacf5\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub97c \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \ud574\ubcf4\uc790.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#[test]\nfn test_withdraw_success() {\n \/\/ mockall\uc774 \uc790\ub3d9 \uc0dd\uc131\ud55c MockDatabase \uad6c\uc870\uccb4 \uc0ac\uc6a9\n let mut mock_db = MockDatabase::new();\n\n \/\/ Expectation(\uae30\ub300\uce58) \uc124\uc815\n \/\/ get_user_balance\ub294 \uc778\uc790\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 id\uc778 1\uc744 \ubc1b\uc544 \uc794\uc561 1000000\uc744 \ubc18\ud658, 1\ubc88 \ud638\ucd9c\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud568.\n mock_db.expect_get_user_balance()\n .with(mockall::predicate::eq(1))\n .times(1)\n .returning(|_| Ok(1000000));\n\n \/\/ update_user_balance\ub294 \uc778\uc790\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 id '1'\uacfc \uc794\uc561 '500000'\uc744 \ubc1b\uc544 \uc131\uacf5(())\uc744 \ubc18\ud658, 1\ubc88 \ud638\ucd9c\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud568.\n mock_db.expect_update_user_balance()\n .with(mockall::predicate::eq(1), mockall::predicate::eq(500000))\n .times(1)\n .returning(|_, _| Ok(()));\n\n \/\/ Database trait \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc778 WalletService\uc5d0 mock injection\n let mut service = WalletService::new(mock_db);\n\n \/\/ \uc2e4\ud589 \ubc0f \uac80\uc99d\n let result = service.withdraw(1, 500000);\n assert!(result.is_ok());\n assert_eq!(result.unwrap(), 500000);\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n4\ubc88\uc9f8 \uc904\uc744 \ubcf4\uba74 MockDatabase::new()<\/code>\ub85c Database trait\uc758 mock \uac1d\uccb4\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud558\ub294\ub370, \uc774\ub807\uac8c \uc0dd\uc131\ub41c \uac1d\uccb4\ub294 automock<\/strong> \ub355\ubd84\uc5d0 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \ud568\uc218\uac00 \uba87 \ubc88 \ud638\ucd9c \ub418\uc5c8\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\uc640 \ubc1b\uc740 \uc778\uc790 \uac12 \uac80\uc0ac \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ud574\ub2f9 \ubd88\ub824\uc9c4 \ud568\uc218\uac00 \ubc18\ud658\ud560 \uac12\uc744 \uc9c0\uc815\ud574 \uc8fc\ub294 \ud568\uc218\ub4e4\uc774 \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \ud3ec\ud568\ub41c\ub2e4. \uc704 \ucf54\ub4dc\uc5d0\uc11c 6\ubc88\uc9f8 \uc904\ubd80\ud130 16\ubc88\uc9f8 \uc904\uae4c\uc9c0\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc774 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uc0dd\uc131\ub41c mock \uac1d\uccb4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud574 \uc8fc\ub294 \ud568\uc218\ub4e4\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 expectation\uc744 \uc124\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uc8fc\ub294 \ubd80\ubd84\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n- expect_<\ud568\uc218\uba85>()<\/strong>: trait\uc758 \uba64\ubc84\uc778 \ud568\uc218\uac00 \ud638\ucd9c\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\uac00 \uc2e4\ud328\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- with()<\/strong>: \ud574\ub2f9 \ud568\uc218\uac00 \ud638\ucd9c\ub420 \ub54c \ub118\uaca8\ubc1b\uc740 \uc778\uc790 \uac12\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- times()<\/strong>: \ud574\ub2f9 \ud568\uc218\uac00 \ud638\ucd9c \ub41c \ud69f\uc218\ub97c \ud655\uc778\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ud568\uc218\uac00 \uc815\ud655\ud788 1\ubc88 \ud638\ucd9c\ub418\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c\uba74 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\uac00 \uc2e4\ud328\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- returning()<\/strong>: \ud574\ub2f9 \ud568\uc218\uac00 \ubc18\ud658\ud560 \uac12\uc744 \uc9c0\uc815\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
\uc608\uae08 \ubd80\uc871\uc73c\ub85c \ucd9c\uae08\uc5d0 \uc2e4\ud328\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub3c4 \uc791\uc131\ud574 \ubcf4\uc790.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
#[test]\nfn test_withdraw_insufficient_funds() {\n let mut mock_db = MockDatabase::new();\n\n \/\/ \uc794\uc561\uc774 \ubd80\uc871\ud55c \uc0c1\ud669 \uc5f0\ucd9c (\ud604\uc7ac \uc794\uc561 300000)\n mock_db.expect_get_user_balance()\n .with(mockall::predicate::eq(2))\n .times(1)\n .returning(|_| Ok(300000));\n\n \/\/ \uc794\uc561\uc774 \ubd80\uc871\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c update_user_balance\ub294 \ud638\ucd9c\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544\uc57c \ud568 (times(0))\n mock_db.expect_update_user_balance()\n .times(0);\n\n let mut service = WalletService::new(mock_db);\n\n let result = service.withdraw(2, 500000);\n assert!(result.is_err());\n assert_eq!(result.unwrap_err(), \"\uc794\uc561\uc774 \ubd80\uc871\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\");\n}\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\uc804\uccb4\ucf54\ub4dc<\/h2>\n\n\n\nuse mockall::automock;\n\n\/\/ \ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4 \uc5f0\ub3d9\uc744 \ub2f4\ub2f9\ud558\ub294 Trait\n#[cfg_attr(test, automock)]\npub trait Database {\n fn get_user_balance(&self, user_id: u64) -> Result<u64, String>;\n fn update_user_balance(&mut self, user_id: u64, amount: u64) -> Result<(), String>;\n}\n\n\/\/ \ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\ub97c \uc8fc\uc785\ubc1b\uc544 \ube44\uc988\ub2c8\uc2a4 \ub85c\uc9c1\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud558\ub294 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uad6c\uc870\uccb4\npub struct WalletService<DB: Database> {\n db: DB,\n}\n\nimpl<DB: Database> WalletService<DB> {\n pub fn new(db: DB) -> Self {\n Self { db }\n }\n\n \/\/ \ucd9c\uae08 \ub85c\uc9c1 \uc608\uc2dc\n pub fn withdraw(&mut self, user_id: u64, amount: u64) -> Result<u64, String> {\n let current_balance = self.db.get_user_balance(user_id)?;\n\n if current_balance < amount {\n return Err(String::from(\"\uc794\uc561\uc774 \ubd80\uc871\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\"));\n }\n\n let new_balance = current_balance - amount;\n self.db.update_user_balance(user_id, new_balance)?;\n\n Ok(new_balance)\n }\n}\n\n\/\/ Unittest\n#[cfg(test)]\nmod tests {\n use super::*;\n\n #[test]\n fn test_withdraw_success() {\n \/\/ mockall\uc774 \uc790\ub3d9 \uc0dd\uc131\ud55c MockDatabase \uad6c\uc870\uccb4 \uc0ac\uc6a9\n let mut mock_db = MockDatabase::new();\n\n \/\/ Expectation(\uae30\ub300\uce58) \uc124\uc815\n \/\/ get_user_balance\ub294 \uc778\uc790\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 id\uc778 1\uc744 \ubc1b\uc544 \uc794\uc561 1000000\uc744 \ubc18\ud658, 1\ubc88 \ud638\ucd9c\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud568.\n mock_db.expect_get_user_balance()\n .with(mockall::predicate::eq(1))\n .times(1)\n .returning(|_| Ok(1000000));\n\n \/\/ update_user_balance\ub294 \uc778\uc790\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 id '1'\uacfc \uc794\uc561 '500000'\uc744 \ubc1b\uc544 \uc131\uacf5(())\uc744 \ubc18\ud658, 1\ubc88 \ud638\ucd9c\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud568.\n mock_db.expect_update_user_balance()\n .with(mockall::predicate::eq(1), mockall::predicate::eq(500000))\n .times(1)\n .returning(|_, _| Ok(()));\n\n \/\/ Database trait \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc778 WalletService\uc5d0 mock injection\n let mut service = WalletService::new(mock_db);\n\n \/\/ \uc2e4\ud589 \ubc0f \uac80\uc99d\n let result = service.withdraw(1, 500000);\n assert!(result.is_ok());\n assert_eq!(result.unwrap(), 500000);\n }\n\n #[test]\n fn test_withdraw_insufficient_funds() {\n let mut mock_db = MockDatabase::new();\n\n \/\/ \uc794\uc561\uc774 \ubd80\uc871\ud55c \uc0c1\ud669 \uc5f0\ucd9c (\ud604\uc7ac \uc794\uc561 300000)\n mock_db.expect_get_user_balance()\n .with(mockall::predicate::eq(2))\n .times(1)\n .returning(|_| Ok(300000));\n\n \/\/ \uc794\uc561\uc774 \ubd80\uc871\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c update_user_balance\ub294 \ud638\ucd9c\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544\uc57c \ud568 (times(0))\n mock_db.expect_update_user_balance()\n .times(0);\n\n let mut service = WalletService::new(mock_db);\n\n let result = service.withdraw(2, 500000);\n assert!(result.is_err());\n assert_eq!(result.unwrap_err(), \"\uc794\uc561\uc774 \ubd80\uc871\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\");\n }\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\uacb0\ub860<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\ucf04\ud2b8 \ubca1\uc758 TDD \uc785\ubb38\uc11c\uc778 “\ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uc8fc\ub3c4 \uac1c\ubc1c<\/a>“\uc744 \ub9c9 \uc77d\uace0\ub098\uc11c \uc774\uac83\uc744 \ub0b4 \uac1c\ubc1c \uaddc\uce59\uc5d0 \ub3c4\uc785\ud558\ub824\uace0 \ub178\ub825\ud558\ub358 \ucd08\uae30\uc5d0 gmock<\/a>\uc5d0\uc11c \uc81c\uacf5\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \ud568\uc218 \ud638\ucd9c \ud69f\uc218\ub97c \uac80\uc0ac\ud558\ub294 \uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \ubd24\uc744 \ub54c\ub294 “\uc774\uac8c \uc720\uc6a9\ud558\uae30\ub294 \ud560\uae4c?” \ud558\ub294 \uc758\uad6c\uc2ec\uc744 \uac00\uc84c\ub358 \uc801\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8 \uc774\ud6c4\ub85c \uc774 \uae30\ub2a5\uc774 mock injection\uc744 \ud560 \ub54c caller\uc758 expectation\uc744 \uc810\uac80\ud558\ub294 \ubb34\ucc99 \uc720\uc6a9\ud560 \uae30\ub2a5\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uae68\ub2eb\uac8c \ub418\uba74\uc11c Java\uc758 unittest\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 mockito\ub97c \uc120\ud638\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub294\ub370, Rust\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\ub294 crate\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc774 \ubb34\ucc99 \ub2e4\ud589\uc2a4\ub7fd\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\ub77c\uc774\ube0c\ub7ec\ub9ac \ud655\uc7a5 \uae30\ub2a5\uc774 Rust\uc5d0\uc11c \ucc98\uc74c \ub3c4\uc785\ub41c\uac83\ub3c4 \uc720\uc77c\ud55c \uac83\ub3c4 \uc544\ub2c8\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ud604\ub300 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d \uc5b8\uc5b4\uac00 \uc9c0\ud5a5\ud558\ub294 \ubc14\ub97c \uc801\uadf9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc774\uba74\uc11c\ub3c4 \uace0\uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\ub294 Rust\uac00 \uc810\uc810 \ub354 \ub9e4\ub825\uc788\uac8c \ub290\uaef4\uc9c4\ub2e4.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\ub2e4\ud589\ud788\ub3c4 \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 unittest\uc758 \uc720\uc6a9\ud568 \uc798 \uc54c\ub824\uc9c4 \uc2dc\ub300\uc5d0 \uc0b4\uace0 \uc788\uae30\uc5d0 \ub354 \uc774\uc0c1 unittest\ub97c \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud558\ub294 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d \uc5b8\uc5b4\ub97c \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud558\uac8c \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4. Rust\ub294 \ube44\uad50\uc801 \ucd5c\uc2e0 \uc5b8\uc5b4\uc778 \ub9cc\ud07c \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc694\uad6c\uc0ac\ud56d\ub4e4\uc744 \uc801\uadf9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc5ec \ubd80\uac00\uc801\uc778 \ud504\ub808\uc784\uc6cc\ud06c\uc758 \ub3c4\uc6c0 \uc5c6\uc774\ub3c4 \uc5b8\uc5b4 \uc790\uccb4\uc5d0\uc11c \uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc778 unittest\uac00 \uc798 \uc9c0\uc6d0\ub41c\ub2e4. \ub2e4\ub9cc, Rust\ub294 \uc0c1\uc18d\uc744 \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 Python, Java, C++ \uac19\uc740 \uac1d\uccb4\uc9c0\ud5a5 \uc5b8\uc5b4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc758\uc874\uc131\uc744 \uaca9\ub9ac \ud560 \ub54c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 method […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_import_markdown_pro_load_document_selector":0,"_import_markdown_pro_submit_text_textarea":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[5],"tags":[33,475,423,293],"class_list":["post-4528","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-programming","tag-database","tag-mocking","tag-rust","tag-unittest"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":4532,"url":"https:\/\/litcoder.com\/?p=4532","url_meta":{"origin":4528,"position":0},"title":"Rust\uc640 Python unit test\uc758 \uacf5\uc874","author":"litcoder","date":"2026\ub144 7\uc6d4 1\uc77c","format":false,"excerpt":"\uc608\uc804 \uae00\uc5d0\uc11c vscode\uc758 test explorer\uc5d0 Rust\uc758 unittest\uac00 \ubcf4\uc774\ub3c4\ub85d \uc124\uc815\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \ub2e4\ub8ec \uc801\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\ub294\ub370, \uc5ec\uae30\uc5d0 Python test case (\uc5ec\uae30\uc11c\ub294 pytest)\ub3c4 \ud568\uaed8 \ud45c\uc2dc\ub418\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\ub824\uba74 .vscode\/settings.json\uc744 \ud3b8\uc9d1\ud574 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \ud574\ub2f9 \ud504\ub85c\uc81d\ud2b8\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uac00\uc0c1\ud658\uacbd\uc744 source root\uc5d0 \ub450\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uc11c\ube0c \ub514\ub809\ud1a0\ub9ac\uc778 service\/.venv \uc548\uc5d0 \ub123\uc5b4 \ub450\uc5c8\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 python.defaultInterpreterPath \uac12\uc744 \uc774\uacf3\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c1\uc811 \uc124\uc815\ud574 \uc8fc\uace0 pytest \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc744 \uc704\ud55c\u2026","rel":"","context":""Tools & Tips"\uc5d0\uc11c","block_context":{"text":"Tools & Tips","link":"https:\/\/litcoder.com\/?cat=6"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/litcoder.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/vscode_venv_python.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":4281,"url":"https:\/\/litcoder.com\/?p=4281","url_meta":{"origin":4528,"position":1},"title":"Rust: comparison is useless due to type limits","author":"litcoder","date":"2026\ub144 6\uc6d4 17\uc77c","format":false,"excerpt":"\"\ud0c0\uc785 \uc81c\ud55c \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc774 \ube44\uad50\uc5f0\uc0b0\uc740 \uc4f8.\ubaa8.\uc5c6.\ub2e4.\" IndexSet\uc774 \ud558\ub098 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ud560 \ub54c, \uadf8 \uc548\uc5d0 \ud558\ub098\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc544\uc774\ud15c\uc774 \uc788\uc73c\uba74 true\ub97c \ubc18\ud658\ud558\uace0 \uc544\ub2c8\uba74 false\ub97c \ubc18\ud658\ud558\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 Rust code\ub97c \uc0dd\uac01\ud574 \ubcf4\uc790. use indexmap::IndexSet; fn has_item(item_set: &IndexSet) -> bool { item_set.iter().count() >= 0 } \uac04\ub2e8\ud558\uac8c unittest\uc5d0 \ub123\uc5b4\uc11c \uc0c8\ub85c \uc0dd\uc131\ud574\uc11c \uc544\ubb34 \uc6d0\uc18c\ub3c4 \uc5c6\ub294 IndexSet\uc744 \ud558\ub098 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\uc11c\u2026","rel":"","context":""Programming"\uc5d0\uc11c","block_context":{"text":"Programming","link":"https:\/\/litcoder.com\/?cat=5"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/litcoder.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/rust_unused_comparisons.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":4256,"url":"https:\/\/litcoder.com\/?p=4256","url_meta":{"origin":4528,"position":2},"title":"VScode test explorer\uc5d0 Rust \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \ucf00\uc774\uc2a4 \ud45c\uc2dc","author":"litcoder","date":"2026\ub144 4\uc6d4 1\uc77c","format":false,"excerpt":"rust-analyzer extension\uc744 \uc124\uce58\ud588\ub294\ub370\ub3c4 test explorer\uc5d0\uc11c rust unit test\uac00 \ud45c\uc2dc\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud574 \ubcf4\uc790. Command palette\uc744 \uc5f4\uc5b4\uc11c open settings\ub97c \uac80\uc0c9\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc67c\ucabd pane\uc5d0\uc11c Extensions -> rust-analyzer\ub97c \uc120\ud0dd\ud558\uace0 Test Explorer \ud56d\ubaa9\uc744 \ucc3e\uc544 \"Show the Test Explorer view.\"\uac00 \uccb4\ud06c\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0 \ud655\uc778\ud55c\ub2e4. \ud55c\ucc38\uc744 \ucc3e\uc558\ub294\ub370 \uacb0\uad6d\uc740 \uc774\uac8c disabled\ub41c \uac83\uc774 \uc6d0\uc778 \uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ud56d\ubaa9\uc744 \uccb4\ud06c\ud558\uace0 \ub098\uba74\u2026","rel":"","context":""Tools & Tips"\uc5d0\uc11c","block_context":{"text":"Tools & Tips","link":"https:\/\/litcoder.com\/?cat=6"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/litcoder.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/rust_txset_enabled.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/litcoder.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/rust_txset_enabled.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, 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